{"id":279,"date":"2009-03-13T13:02:31","date_gmt":"2009-03-13T05:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/?p=279"},"modified":"2009-03-13T13:02:31","modified_gmt":"2009-03-13T05:02:31","slug":"linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/2009\/03\/13\/linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4\/","title":{"rendered":"linux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

1 \u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>
\ncd \u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55
\npwd \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84
\nls \u2013la \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u6863
\nmkdir \u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55
\nmv \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u6539\u540d\u79f0
\nrm \u2013rf \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55
\nrmdir \u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55
\nfile \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b
\ncp \u62f7\u8d1d\u6587\u4ef6
\n——————————————————————————–
\n2\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>
\ncat \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a
\nmore \u5206\u5c4f\u663e\u793a\u6587\u672c
\ntail \u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u6587\u672c
\ntail -100 \u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e100\u884c\u6587\u672c
\nhead \u67e5\u770b\u5f00\u59cb10\u884c\u6587\u672c
\nhead -100 \u67e5\u770b\u5f00\u59cb100\u884c\u6587\u672c
\n——————————————————————————–
\n3\u3001 vi \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 <\/strong>
\n\u542f\u52a8VI\u4f1a\u8bdd
\nvi file \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6
\nvi \u2013r file \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u635f\u574f\u524d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u7248\u672c
\nvi \u2013R file \u5728\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6
\nvi +n file \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5149\u6807\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u7b2cn\u884c
\nvi + file \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5149\u6807\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n

\u5728VI\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u672c
\na \u5728\u5149\u6807\u540e\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u672c
\nA \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b0\u6587\u672c
\ni \u5728\u5149\u6807\u524d\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b0\u6587\u672c
\nI \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u9996\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u6587\u672c<\/p>\n

\u5728VI\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6587\u672c
\ndd \u5220\u9664\u6574\u884c
\nndd \u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5220\u9664n\u884c
\n\uff1an,md \u5220\u9664\u4ece\u7b2cn\u884c\u5230\u7b2cm\u884c<\/p>\n

VI\u4e2d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u66ff\u6362<\/p>\n

\/text \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u524d\u5411\u641c\u7d22text
\n?text \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u540e\u5411\u641c\u7d22text
\nn \u5728\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u91cd\u590d\u641c\u7d22text
\nN \u5728\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u91cd\u590d\u641c\u7d22text
\n:set ic \u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199
\n:set noic \u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199
\n:s\/oldtext\/newtest\/ \u7528newtext\u66ff\u6362oldtext<\/p>\n

VI\u4e2d\u7684\u64a4\u6d88
\nu \u64a4\u6d88\u968f\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u6539
\nU \u64a4\u6d88\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u66f4\u6539
\n.(\u53e5\u70b9) \u91cd\u590d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u6539<\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u5e76\u9000\u51faVI
\n:w \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u4f46\u4e0d\u9000\u51faVI
\n:w file \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u4f46\u4e0d\u9000\u51faVI
\n:wq \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u9000\u51faVI
\n:q! \u9000\u51faVI\u800c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6
\n:e! \u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u4e0a\u6b21\u5199\u5165\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u66f4\u6539<\/p>\n

VI\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u9879
\n:set all \u6253\u5370\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879
\n:set nooption \u5173\u95edoption
\n:set nu \u5728\u884c\u524d\u52a0\u884c\u53f7\u524d\u7f00
\n:set showmode \u663e\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u66ff\u6362\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

VI\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d
\n[[ \u8fd4\u56de\u8282\u9996
\n]] \u5411\u524d\u81f3\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u9996
\n——————————————————————————–
\n4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong> <\/p>\n

\u7b26\u53f7\u6a21\u5f0f
\nchmod [who] operator [permission] filename<\/p>\n

who\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f
\nu \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6743\u9650
\ng \u5c5e\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650 o \u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650
\na \u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237(\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u3001\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237)<\/p>\n

operator\u7684\u542b\u4e49
\n + \u589e\u52a0\u6743\u9650
\n – \u53d6\u6d88\u6743\u9650
\n =\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650
\npermission\u7684\u542b\u4e49
\nr \u8bfb\u6743\u9650
\nw \u5199\u6743\u9650
\nx \u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n

\u6570\u5b57\u6a21\u5f0f
\nchmod nnn filename<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2an\u7684\u503c\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6743\u9650
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2an\u7684\u503c\u8868\u793a\u5c5e\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2an\u7684\u503c\u8868\u793a\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n

n\u503c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n \u53ea\u8bfb\u503c= 4 \u53ef\u5199\u503c=2 \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u503c=1<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u5199\u503c=6 \u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u503c=5 \u53ef\u5199\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u503c=3 \u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u5199\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u503c=7 \u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u9650\u503c= 0<\/p>\n

——————————————————————————–
\n5\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/strong>
\nifconfig \u67e5\u770bIP
\nnetconfig \u4fee\u6539IP
\nnetstat \u2013nap \u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3
\nifup eth0 \u542f\u52a8eth0\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907
\nifdown eth0 \u5173\u95edeth0\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907
\nservice network restart\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc
\nservice sshd restart \u91cd\u542fSSH\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u8def\u7531\u4fee\u6539 \uff1a
\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531
\n# route add \u2013host 192.168.168.110 dev eth0
\n# route add \u2013host 192.168.168.119 gw 192.168.168.1
\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8def\u7531
\n# route add \u2013net IP netmask MASK eth0
\n# route add \u2013net IP netmask MASK gw IP
\n# route add \u2013net IP\/24 eth1
\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173
\n# route add default gw IP
\n\u5220\u9664\u8def\u7531
\n# route del \u2013host 192.168.168.110 dev eth0:1
\n——————————————————————————–
\n6\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u89e3\u538b\u7f29 <\/strong><\/p>\n

gzip tar<\/p>\n

\u538b\u7f29\uff1atar zvcf *.tar.gz \/
\n\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff1atar zvxf *.tar.gz<\/p>\n

——————————————————————————–
\n7\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406 <\/strong>
\nLinux \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u811a\u672c\u653e\u7f6e\u5728 \/etc\/init.d\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b<\/p>\n

chkconfig –list \u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u6709\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1
\nchkconfig –add \u6dfb\u52a0\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1
\nchkconfig –del \u5220\u9664\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1
\nchkconfig [–level ] ) \u8c03\u6574\u67d0\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f,\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u5176 level 2345 \u6253\u5f00\u5373\u53ef
\n——————————————————————————–
\n8\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>
\nps \u2013ef \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b
\ntop \u663e\u793a\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668
\nkill -9 \u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b
\nCtrl+C \u53bb\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f
\nCtrl+Z \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6682\u505c
\nbg \u5c06\u6682\u505c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f6c\u4e3a\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c
\nfg \u5c06\u6682\u505c\u6216\u540e\u53f0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f6c\u4e3a\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c
\n——————————————————————————–
\n9\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668
\ncron\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u9a7b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5f97\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u7f16\u8f91\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd
\ncrontab -l \u67e5\u770b crontab -e \u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0evi \u4e00\u6837
\n\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a
\n0 3 * * * \/sbin\/reboot \u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u59293\u70b9\u91cd\u8d77\u7cfb\u7edf
\n\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a\u5206\u949f \u5c0f\u65f6 \u65e5 \u6708 \u661f\u671f\u51e0 \u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f
\npasswd root \u4fee\u6539root\u5e10\u6237\u5bc6\u7801
\ndate \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4
\ndate \u2013s \u20182006-08-11 13:35:08\u2019 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4
\nclock \u2013w \u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165BIOS\u65f6\u949f
\nwho \u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u767b\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f
\nwhoami \u663e\u793a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u79f0
\nsu \u53d8\u66f4\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd
\nshutdown \u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u673a\u6307\u4ee4
\nhalt \u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf
\nreboot \u91cd\u8d77\u7cfb\u7edf
\npoweroff \u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u7535\u6e90
\ncat \/proc\/cpuinfo \u67e5\u770bCPU\u4fe1\u606f
\ncat \/proc\/meminfo \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f
\nfree \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
\ndf \u2013h \u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
\ndu \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4f7f\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4
\ncp \/usr\/share\/zoneinfo\/Asia\/Shanghai \/etc\/localtime \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u533a\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6d32\u4e0a\u6d77<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1 \u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c cd \u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55 pwd \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84 l…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=279"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}