{"id":199,"date":"2007-12-25T14:36:16","date_gmt":"2007-12-25T06:36:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/?p=199"},"modified":"2007-12-25T14:36:16","modified_gmt":"2007-12-25T06:36:16","slug":"linux-crontab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/2007\/12\/25\/linux-crontab\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux Crontab"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n
\n

cron\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5e0c\u814a\u5355\u8bcdchronos\uff08\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u662flinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u6bcf\u665a\u7761\u89c9\u671f\u95f4\u521b\u5efa\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528cron\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62<\/h3>\n

cron\u670d\u52a1\u662flinux\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n

\/sbin\/service crond start \/sbin\/service crond stop \/sbin\/service crond restart \/sbin\/service crond reload<\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a1-4\u884c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8981\u628acron\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5728\u5f00\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5728 \/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165 \/sbin\/service crond start<\/font><\/code> \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u5220\u9664<\/h3>\n
cron\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728crontab\uff08cron table\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5728 \/etc \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684crontab\uff08\u5728 \/var\/spool\/cron\/ \u4e0b\uff09\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684crontab\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 crontab -l<\/font><\/kbd>\uff1b\u8981\u7f16\u8f91crontab\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 crontab -e<\/font><\/kbd>\uff1b\u8981\u5220\u9664crontab\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 crontab -r<\/font><\/kbd>\u3002\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u662froot\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u770b\/\u7f16\u8f91\/\u5220\u9664\/\u67d0\u7528\u6237\u7684crontab\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a -u USERNAME<\/font><\/kbd>\uff08\u5982 crontab -e -u USERNAME<\/font><\/kbd>\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u3002crontab\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u662fvi\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165 export VISUAL=\u2019editor\u2019<\/font><\/kbd> \u66f4\u6539\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n
cron\u670d\u52a1\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u8bfb\u4e00\u6b21 \/var\/spool\/cron \u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u4e00\u6b21 \/etc\/crontab \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u80fd\u8ba9cron\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528crontab\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/crontab \u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bed\u6cd5\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e24\u4e2acron\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff08\u5728 \/etc\/crontab \u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff09\u3002\u524d\u8005\u7528\u6765\u665a\u95f4\u5907\u4efd \/etc \u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8fd0\u884cAnalog\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
12 3 * * * root tar czf \/usr\/local\/backups\/daily\/etc.tar.gz \/etc >> \/dev\/null 2>&1 52 5 * * * root \/usr\/local\/src\/analog-5.32-lh\/analog >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fcron\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n\u5206\u949f\uff080-59\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n\u5c0f\u65f6\uff082-24\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n\u65e5\u671f\uff081-31\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n\u6708\u4efd\uff081-12\uff1b\u6216\u82f1\u6587\u7f29\u5199Jan\u3001Feb\u7b49\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n\u5468\u51e0\uff080-6\uff0c0\u4e3a\u5468\u65e5\uff1b\u6216\u5355\u8bcd\u7f29\u5199Sun\u3001Mon\u7b49\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff08\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u4ee5\u6b64\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u8def\u5f84\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
12 3 * * * root tar czf \/usr\/local\/backups\/daily\/etc.tar.gz \/etc >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u5728\u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u51cc\u66683\u70b912\u5206<\/em>\uff0803:12\uff09\u8fd0\u884c tar czf \/usr\/local\/backups\/daily\/etc.tar.gz \/etc<\/font><\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002>> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/font><\/code> \u8868\u793a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u53d1\u9001\u5230 \/dev\/null\uff08linux\u7684\u56de\u6536\u7ad9\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\uff082\uff09\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff081\uff09\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff08\u5373 \/dev\/null\uff09\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u5f97\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
30 15 13 6 1 * root tar czf \/usr\/local\/backups\/daily\/etc.tar.gz \/etc >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u5b83\u5c06\u57286\u670813\u65e5\u5468\u4e00\u768415:30<\/em>\u8fd0\u884c tar czf \/usr\/local\/backups\/daily\/etc.tar.gz \/etc<\/font><\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
30 15 13 Jun Mon * root tar czf \/usr\/local\/backups\/daily\/etc.tar.gz \/etc >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u4ee5\u7528\u6237joey\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u7b2c15\u5206\u949f<\/em>\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
15 * * * * joey \/usr\/bin\/somecommand >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u661f\u53f7\uff08*\uff09\u662f\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u8868\u793acron\u5c06\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6bcf\u4e24\u5c0f\u65f6<\/em>\u5c31\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5c0f\u65f6\u5b57\u6bb5\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528 *\/2<\/font><\/code>\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u4f1a\u57282\u70b9\uff0c4\u70b9\uff0c6\u70b9\u2026\u202622\u70b9\uff0c24\u70b9\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u53e5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
0 *\/2 * * * joey \/usr\/bin\/somecommand >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
cron\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\uff08,\uff09\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u768415\u5206\u548c30\u5206<\/em>\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5206\u949f\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528 15,30<\/font><\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
15,30 * * * * joey \/usr\/bin\/somecommand >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u6bcf\u6708\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5468\uff08\u53731\u53f7\u52307\u53f7\uff09\u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4<\/em>\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65e5\u671f\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528 1-7<\/font><\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
15,30 *\/2 1-7 * * joey \/usr\/bin\/somecommand >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u5728\u6bcf\u6708\u7684\u7b2c1-7\u65e5\u6bcf\u4e24\u5c0f\u65f6\u768415\u5206\u548c30\u5206<\/em>\uff0802:15\uff0c02:30\u2026\u202622: 15\uff0c22:30\u7b49\uff09\u8fd0\u884c \/usr\/bin\/somecommand<\/font><\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u6bcf\u5929\u768416:18<\/em>\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6240\u6709\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672c\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff08\u5982 \/home\/username\/cron\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
18 16 * * * root run-parts \/home\/username\/cron >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u4fdd\u5b58\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u628a >> \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/font><\/code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a >> \/home\/user\/somecommand.log 2>&1<\/font><\/code> \u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684cron\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 crontab -l<\/font><\/kbd> <\/font><\/li>\n
  • \u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684cron\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 crontab -e<\/font><\/kbd> <\/font><\/li>\n
  • \u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684cron\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 crontab -r<\/font><\/kbd> <\/font><\/li>\n
  • \u4ee5root\u8eab\u4efd\u67e5\u770b\/\u7f16\u8f91\/\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u7528\u6237\u7684cron\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a -u USERNAME<\/font><\/kbd> <\/font><\/li>\n
  • \u914d\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/crontab \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    cron\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5e0c\u814a\u5355\u8bcdchronos\uff08\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u662flinux…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=199"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elon.852128.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}